Rock-drill.



J. A. TRAYLOR.

BooK DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27.1908.

Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Il! m 1": 27.21'. Lai; L i; 2- -21 JOHN A. TRAYLOR, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ROCK-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March, 1909.

Application filed April 27, 1908. Serial No. 429,442.

To allwhom fit may concern.'

Be it known that l, Jol-IN A. TRAYLOR, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing in the city and county of Denver and State ofColorado, have invented a new and useful Rock-Drill, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Y My invention relates to improvements in rock drills,and the objects ofmy invention are: First, to provide a rock drill in which the drill bitis arranged to be moved by the actuating fluid of the drill against therock being drilled, and held there until struck by each ofy thereciprocal strokes of the hammerpiston. Second, to provide a valvecontrolled and actuating fluid reciprocal movement drill bit and chuckfor rock drills that moves the drill bit against the rock and holds itthere until struck by the hammer iston. And third, to provide a sim )lean( positively operating valve controlled reciprocal movement drill bitthat is adapted to be moved by an independent supply of expansive fluidfrom that which operates the hammer piston against the rock beingdrilled and to be rotated step by step by the reciprocal movements ofsaid chuck during the reciprocal movements of said drill bit to and fromthe rock being drilled. l attain these objects by the mechanismillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a lan view of the improved rock drilling engine. Fig. 2, isa vertical, longitudinal, sectional view thereof. Fig. 3, is a similarview omitting the support and feed screw, and showing the piston hammer,drill chuck, an'l chuck-actuating valve, in dierent relative positionsto what are shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4, is a vertical, transverse,sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is a front end view ofthe engine. And Fig. 6, is an enlarged transverse sectional view on theline 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1, designates a casing which isprovided with an axial bore from the rear of two different diameters.These bores are adapted to form a hammer' piston receiving cylinder' anda drill bit holding chuck chamber, he hammer piston receiving cylinderis provided with a series of circumferential recessed chambers 3, 4, 5,and 6. A cylinder head 7 is secured to the rear end of the cylinder',which preferably consists of a tapering flanged plug, which is threadedto the interior thereof, the hanged portion of which is screwed againstthe end of the casing, and a wrench receiving hub 8 is formed on the endby which it may be screwed into and out of the casing. A hammer piston10, which is also made in two different diameters, is reciprocallymounted in said cylinders bore.

The largest bore of the cylinder and the largest diameter of the pistonhammer, are at the rear end of the cylinder. The hammer piston has anaxial bore 11, which extends into it from its rear end portion to closeto its front end. Two circumferential rows of ports 12 and 13 are formedthrough the shell of the hammer piston into its axial bore 11, at itsfront end portion, and also at its rear end portion. The twodiameter-sof the hammer iston are arranged to form a square shoul er 14,at a short distance from its rear end, which is the largest portion ofit. The chamber 3, is `formed in the wall of the bore ol the cylinder atits rear end, and registers with the largest portion of the hammerpiston and with its ports 12. The cylinder chamber 4, is positioned inthe cylinder to register with the shoulder 14, and the cylinder chambers5 and 6 are positioned to register with the front end portion of thehammer piston and its port holes 13. The casing is also provided with anaxial bore 15, which enters its front end, which end is provided with aflange 17. At the bottom of the bore 15, an axial bore 1S is formed,which is of slightly smaller diameter than the bore 15, and in thecasing at the bottom of the bore 18, a still smaller axial bore 19, isformed, that extends through the center of the cylinder into the chamber6. Port apertures 20, 21, and 22 are formed through the top of the shellof the cylinder, over which a valve chest 23 is placed, and is securedto the casing in any desired manner, but preferably by being boltedthereto by cap screws 24, which extend loosely through lug portions 25,formed on the valve chest and screw into threaded apertures formed inthe shell of the casing. The casing is provided with a threaded airinlet port aperture 26, which extends through its shell into the chamber5.

The opposite lower side portions of the casing are provided withguideways 27, which fit slidably into a pair of slideways 28 formed inthe opposite side walls of a shell 29, which forms a sup ort for thecasing. The bottom of this shel is provided with a dove-tailed hub 30,vliich is adapted to be clamped to a chuck that forms a part of astopping bar or of a tripod. l do not illustrate either the chuck or thestopping bar or the tripod, as they do not form any part of myinvention.

The bottom of the rear end of the casing is provided with a dependinglug which is provided with a threaded aperture in which a threaded feedscrew is threaded to extend along the under side of the casing and intoand through the shell to its forward end, to which it is rotatablysecured in an T suitable manner, preferably by means of reducing itsend.

A iianged bushing 31, is inserted in the axial bore 15, at the front endof the casing, the flanged portion of which bears against the flange 17at the end oi the casing. rl`his bushing is provided with an axial bore31A, which is smaller in diameter than the adj acent axial bore 18, ofthe casing. rlhis flanged bushing abuts against a square shoulder 15A,formed at the bottom of the axial bore 15, in the end of the casing, anda cylinder head 32, which l term the front cylinder head, is bolted tothe flange 17 of the front end of the casing. This cylinder head isprovided with a hub portion 33, which projects outward from the cylinderhead, and which is provided with an axial bore 34, which is oi the sainediameter as the axial bore in the bushing. The axial bore 19, of thecasing, is also preferably of the same diameter as the bores 31A and 34,and in them a drill holding chuck 35, is reciprocally fitted. This chuckcomprises a cylindrical sleeve which is long enough to lit in thesebores, and to extend outward beyond the front end of the hub of thecylinder head a short distance. A collar portion 36 is formed on itsinner end portion, which iits reciprocally in the axial bore 18 of thecasing. The rear end of this chuck sleeve reciprocates through theaperture 19 -mto'the chamber 6, but its end moves wholly into theaperture 19, when at the end of its forward stroke, out of the way ofthe reciprocal strokes of the piston hammer.

The ports 21 and 22 register with the opposite end portions of the port13, and these two ports register with ports 38 and 39 formed in thecenter and iront end portions of the valve chest, While the port 2Oregisters with a port 40 formed in the rear end of the valve chest. Thevalve chest is provided with a cylindrical bore or valve seat 42, inwhich a stem shaped valve 43 is reciprocally mounted.

A concentrically arranged chamber 43A is formed at the rear end of thevalve seat, and an enlarged collar or head portion 43B is formed on thevalve, which 'fits reciprocally in this chamber. The valve is alsoprovided with two reduced neck portions 44 and 45, which form portsbetween its head portion and its opposite end, which are positioned atequal distances apart of the length of the valve stem. The port 45,registers alternately with the two branches 46B and 46C, of aninteriorly threaded inlet port 46, w Lich is formed in a hub 46A, uponthe top of the valve chest, the port 46 being connected by a pipe orhose (not shown) with a -source of actuating fluid. The port 44registers intermittently with an exhaust port 47, which int'ersects thebore or valve seat 43, and which connects the port 3S with theatmosphere. The branch port 46B is in line with a port 49, at theforward end of the port 33, and when the valve 43 is in the positionshown in Fig. 2, its port 45 will connect the ports 49 and 46B. Thebranch port 46C is inline with a port 50 at the rear ond of the port 39,and when the valve 43 is in the position shown in Fig. 3, its port 45will connect the ports 50 and 46C. An exn haust port 51 intersects thebore or valve seat 42, of the valve chest, and connects the port 39 withthe atmosphere, this port being at the forward end of the valve chest inline with the port 22. A port 52 is also formed in the wall of the valvechest, and connects the forv-.f'ard end of the valve chest bore with theport or chamber 18, at a point about midway of the length of thechamber. A small exhaust or vent port 53 at the rear end oi the valvechest chamber 43A, connects the said chamber with the atmosphere, and alarge exhaust port 54, wnich is controlled by the valve head 43B,connects the forward end of the chamber 43" with the atmosphere. Theopposite ends or" the valve seat ore are closed by wrench receivingplugs 55, and 56, which are secured to them. ln the front cylinder headan axial chamber or recess 57 is formed, in which a ratchet wheel 58 isrotatably seated, and a plurality of pawl-receiving recesses 59 openinto the recess 57, in which spring actuated pawls 60 are journaled bymeans ci trunnion pins 61, which project from their sides into bearingholes formed in the faces of the pawl receiving recesses, which pawlsengage the teeth of the ratchet wheel.

The ratchet wheel is formed with an axial bore, upon the surface oi'which is iormed a plurality of inwardly projecting radially disposedteeth 63, which tit into spiral grooves 64, formed in the surface of thechuck sleeve 35, loose enough to permit the spirally luted chuck sleeveportion to reciprocate in the bore of the ratchet wheel. The chuck isprovided with an axial bore, which may be round or of any polygonalshape and which is adapted to receive loosely the shank end of a drillbit 66, which eXtends through the sleeve and a short distance beyond itinto the reciprocal path of the iston hammer. The outer end of this ehucis provided with a split clamping collar 67, which is secured to itpreferably by being keyed to it by a projection 68, in the bore of thesplit collar, which extends into a recess 69 formed in the sleeve. Thecollar has extended apertured ears 70, through which passes a clampingbolt 71, by which they may ybe drawn together and be thus tightened onthe sleeve. This split collar projects beyond the end of the chuck andis provided with an axial bore adapted to rcceive an enlarged head orcollar portion 72, formed on the shank of the drill bit, and which isadapted to le inserted in the 'sore of the collar and pressed againstthe end of the sleeve and then clamped to the split collar by tighteningu its clamping bolt, which causes the split colfir to grip the head orcollar portion of the drill-bit.

The operation of my improved reciprocating movement drill bit holdingchuck is as follows: Air is admitted to the chamber 5 through a hosethat is connected at one end "to the inlet aperture 26 of thischamberand that is connected to a supply of air under pressure at itsopposite end. This air pressure acting against the shoulder 14 of thehammer piston, moves the hammer piston rearward, which movement bringsits ports 13 to register with this inlet chamber 5, and allows the airto flow into the hammer piston to its rear end and against the rear endof the cylinder, where the area of pressure against the rear end of thehammer is so much greater than at the shoulder 14 that the piston hammeris driven forward and strikes the end of the drill bit. The air thenexhausts through the ports 13 into the chamber 6, and from it throughthe ports 2O and 54 to the atmosphere. The operation of the chuck is asfollows: The chuck is represented in Fig. 2 in its forward position, inwhich position the drill bit is held against the rock by the fluidpressure in the chamber 18, back ofthe piston collar portion of thechuck. The piston hammer is at its extreme rearward position andbeginning its forward stroke. The valve 43 is at the rear of itsrearward position and has closed the exhaust port 54, permitting theactuating fluid to enter the ports 46B and 49 through the ports 38 and21 into the chamber 18, where it acts against the piston collar 36 ofthe chuck and holds it forward at the end of the forward stroke of thehammer piston. The valve 43 is forced forward by the exhaust air flowingfrom the hammer piston into chamber 6, and ports 2O and 40 into chamber43A, at the rear end of the valve chest, where it acts on the valve andmoves it forward to the forward end of its seat, until the port 45 ofthe valve registers with the port 50, which permits thc' air to l flowinto ports 39 and 22, to chamber 18, and acting against the pistoncollar moves the chuck to its rearward position, the air on the rearside of the collar escaping through ports 21 and 47, the valve port 44,being in line with the port 47, and as the piston collar passes the port52, the air enters the said port and `flows to the front end of thevalve chest, moving the valve to its rear position which opens the ports46 and 49, permitting the air to again enter the chamber 18 through theport 2 1, and acting upon the collar 36, again forces the chuck anddrill bit forward, holding the bit against the rock until the hammerpiston strikes it. The port 53 allows the air in chaml'er 6 to escape,as the piston hammer moves forward, without moving the valve 43, but itis not large enough to prevent the general volume of exhaust from theiston hammer from moving the valve. As tie chuck is moved rearward, thespiral grooves 64, engaging the teeth 63, cause the chuck to turnaxially a slight distance, as the ratchet wheel is locked by its pawls,but when the chuck is moved forward, the ratchet wheel slips the pawls,and the chuck does not turn. By this arrangement the complicatedmechanism usually employed for turning the drill is dispensed with, andthe construction of the drill is thereby simpli'fied.

My invention is simple and positive in its operation of moving the drillbit against the face of the rock and holding it there until the hammerpiston strikes it, and thus enables more effective blows to be struckthe drill bit, and consequently enables the drill to drill faster and tokeep in good rock drilling order longer than is possible with a drillbit that is away from the rock when the hannncr piston strikes it.

Having described my invention, what .l claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. ln a rock drill, a casing provided with a hammer piston cylinder anda chuck cylinder, and actuating fluid ports, with a hammer pistonreciproeally mounted in said hammer piston cylinder, a chuckreciprocally mounted in said chuck cylinder, a drill bit secured to saidchuck and arranged to project into the reciprocal path of said hammerpiston, a valve reciprocally mounted in said cylinder in operativerelation to said hammer piston and to said chuck, and means whereby saidvalve and hannncr piston and chuck are connected with a supply ofactuating 'fluid for reciprocating said hammer piston and valve andchuck to operatively move said drill bit against the rock being drilled,and holding it there until after it is struck by said hammer piston ateach of its reciprocal strokes.

2. In a rock drill, a casing, a cylinder, a hammer piston cylinder and ahammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a chuck chamber insaid casing, a chuck reciprocally mounted in said chuck chamber, a drillbit secured to said chuck in position to be struck by said hammer pistonand arranged in operative drilling relation to rock, a valve chest and avalve operatively connected to said cylinder and chuck chamber, meanswhereby a supply of actuating fluid is conveyed to said hammer pistonand said chuck to move said drill bit and hold it by the pressure ofsaid actuating -fluid against the rock being drilled until struck bysaid hammer piston.

3. ln a rock drill, a cylinder provided with a piston chamber, a hammerpiston mounted in said chamber, a drill holding chuck chamber in saidcylinder, a drill holding chuck in said chuck chamber, a drill bit insaid chuck projecting into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, apiston collar on said chuck, a valve chest on said cylinder, a valve insain valve chest, provided v-Jith a system of actuating fluid portsextending from said valve and valve chest through said cylinder to saidchucks chamber and piston collar, and means for securing said drill bitto said chuck, and a port extending through said cylinder from saidvalve to said ham' ier piston, whereby reciprocal movement of said valveeffects reciprocal movement of said chuck and drill bit.

ln a rock drill, the combination vvith a casing provided with a hammerpiston cylinder and. a drill bit holding chuck cylinder, said cylindersbeing provided vfith an operative hammer piston and a drill bit holdingchuck respectively mounted in said cylinders, of a drill bit arranged insaid chuck in operative relation to rock and projecting into thereciprocal path of said hammer piston, a valve chest on said casing, avalve reciprocally mounted in said valve chest in said casing, saidvalve being provided with a series ofl ports connecting said hammerpiston to said valve and said valve to said chuck whereby reciprocalmovement of said hammer piston effects reciprocal movement of said valveand of said chuck to move said drill bit against the rock being drilledand holds it there until struck by the said hamm er piston.

5. ln a rock drill, the combination of the casing provided with thepiston and chuck cylinders, with the hammer piston and a drill bitholding chuck reciprocally mounted in said cylinders, a drill bitremovably secured to said chuck and arranged to project into thereciprocal path of said piston hammer, a valve chest on the cylinder anda valve reciprocally mounted in said chest, said. valve chest and casingbeing provided with ports extending from said valve and valve chest tosaid chuck and hammer piston, said hammer piston being provided with anactuating fluid supply inlet to said hammer piston, said valve chestbeing also provided vv ith an actuating fluid inlet port to said valveindependent of said actuating fluid inlet to said hammer piston,arranged to permit said actuating fluid to reciprocate said valve, andmeans connected to said chuck whereby the reciprocation of said valve bysaid actuating fluid effects reciprocation of said chuck and moves saiddrill bit against the rock and holds it there While being struck by saidhammer piston.

6. ln a rock drill, the combination of a casing provided With acylinder, a hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, achamber in said casing, a drill bit holding chuck reciprocally mountedin said chamber, a drill bit secured to said chuck and arranged toproject into the reciprocal path of and to be struck by said pistonhammer and a valve chest on said casing; a valve in said valve chestoperatively connected With said cylmder and hammer piston and said chuckWhereby actuating fluid is admitted to impart a reciprocal movement tosaid chuck and drill bit between the blows of said hammer piston and tomove and hold said drill bit against the rock until struck by saidhammer piston.

7. In a rock drill, the combination ivith the casing provided with thecylinder, the chuck chamber, and the piston hammer and chuckieciprocally mounted in said cylinder and chamber, of a drill bitextending into said cylinder into the reciprocal path of said piston,said chuck being provided with a reciprocal movement in said chambersuflicient to move said drill bit away from and to return it against therock being drilled, a piston collar on said chuck, a valve chest on saidcasing, a valve in said valve chest, said valve chest and valve andcasing being provided with a series of ports whereby actuating fluidreciprocates said piston hammer and chuck and thereby moves said drillbit against the rocr being drilled and holds it there until struck bysaid hammer piston on each of its reciprocal strokes.

8. ln a rock drill, the combination of the casing provided with acylinder, the hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, achuck receiving chamber in said casing, a chuck reciprocally mounted insaid casing and chamber and provided With an axial aperture extendingthrough it, a drill bit extending loosely into and through the axialaperture of said chuck into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, apiston collar portion on said chuck fitting said chamber,

a valve chest on said casing, a valve in said valve chest, said casingand valve chest and valve being provided With a plurality of iluidpressure ports extending from said valve to the opposite ends of saidchucks piston collar chamber and arranged in operative relation to movesaid chuck and drill bit reciprocally, a spirally grooved surface onsaid chuck, -a ratchet wheel provided with a spirally toothed borefitting freely on said chuck and rotatably seated in said cylinder, anda plurality of spring controlled pawls in operative engagement with saidratchet wheel.

9. In a rock drill, the combination with the casing provided with acylinder and a chuck receiving chamber, said chuck chamber comprising anaxial aperture of two diameters, the hammer piston reciprocally mountedin said cylinder, of a chuck sleeve reciprocally mounted in the smallerdiameter of said chuck chamber, a piston collar portion on said chucksleeve fitting the longer diameter of said chuck chamber, a spirallygrooved portion on said chuck sleeve, a ratchet wheel havingl a boreprovided with spiral teeth fitting said spiral grooved pertion of saidchuck sleeve and rotatably seated in Said cylinder, a plurality ofspring controlled pawls arranged in operative relation to said ratchetwheel, a valve chest on said casing, a valve in said valve chest, saidcasing and valve chest and valve being provided with a series ofexpansive iiuid ports arranged to reciprocate said chuck in its chamberand to operatively reciprocate said piston hammer, an axial aperture insaid chuck, a drill bit fitting said chucks axial aperture and extendingthrough said chuck into the reciprocal ath of said hammer piston, andmeans inclu ing a clamping device attached to said chuck for securingsaid drill bit to said chuck, means for supporting said cylinder anddrill bit, and means for feeding said cylinder and drill bit inoperative relation to rock, whereby said drill bit is rotated step bystep and is moved against the rock being drilled and is held there untilstruck by the reciprocal strokes of said hammer piston.

10. In a drilling engine as specified, the combination with a casingprovided with a cylinder and a chuck chamber, a iluid actuated hammerpiston in said cylinder and a chuck mounted to reciprocate in saidchamber, said casing being arranged into the cylinder and the chamberwhich are separated by a partition through which the rear end of thechuck passes; a valve chest on said casing having ports communicatingwith the said cylinder and chamber and with the atmosphere and having aport extending from the forward end of the chuck chamber to the forwardend of the valve chest; a slide valve in the bore of the valve chest,which controls the outlet from the piston hammer cylinder and the inletor exhaust of the chuck chamber a collar on the chuck within the forwardchamber, said casing and valve chest having a valve controlled port oneach side of said chucks collar, and means for turning the chuck.

11. In a drilling engine as specied, the combination with a casingprovided with a cylinder and a chuck chamber, a fluid actuated hammerpiston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a drill holding chuckreciprocally mounted in said chuck chamber pro-` vided with acircumferential row of spirally arranged gear teeth grooves; a collar onthe chuck, a valve chest on the casing having a iluid inlet port andexhaust ports, and ports leading to the frontiand rear of said chuckscollar 5 a slide valve in said valve chest which alternately connectsthe said chuck chamber ports with said fluid inlet port and with saidexhaust ports 5 the chest being further provided with a port whichconveys the exhaust from the hammer piston to a chamber portion in saidvalve chest at the rear of the slide valve, whereby the valve isactuated in a forward direction, thereby admitting fluid forward of saidchucks collar, said chest also being provided with a port extending fromits forward end to thc portion of the chuck chamber in which the chuckscollar reciprocates, whereby exhaust fluid is admitted to t-he forwardend of the valve chest, when the chuck moves rearward a predetermineddistance, which reverses thevalve,and admits actuating iiuid to the rearof the chucks collar again; a bushing in said casing at the foi'- wardend of said chuck chamber, arranged to support the forward end of saidchuck, a cylinder head on the forward end of said casing adjacent tosaid bushing arranged to support the forward end of said chuck a ratchetwheel su rrounding the chuck and rotatably mounted on it between saidbushing and cylinder head, and spring-actuated pawls pivotally journaledin said cylinder head and arranged to prevent the rotation of saidratchet wheel in one direction, and inwardly projecting teeth on thesurface of the axial bore of said ratchet wheel, which extend into saidspiral grooves of said chuck.

12. In a drilling engine as specified, the combination with a casingprovided with a piston hammer cylinder and a piston hammer, and a chuckchamber, of a chuck mounted in said chuck chamber, having spiral groovesin its periphery a cap on the forward end of said casing over the end ofsaid chuck chamber; a ratchet wheel surrounding said chuck, and housedin said cap, having inwardly projecting teeth around its axial bore,which extend into the spiral grooves of said chuck, and. spring-actuatedpawls for preventing rotation of the wheel in one direction 5 a collaron said chuck; a valve chest on said casing having inlet and exhaustports; a valve reciprocally mounted in said chest the chest being alsoprovided -with ports which open at the front and rear of the chuckcollar, and with a port which conveys the exhaust from the hammer pistonto the rear of the valve.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN A. TRAYLOR.

IVitnesses:

G. SARGENT ELLIOTT, ADELLA M. FowLE.

